Complete Bach Midi Index. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. However, Bach would not have been regarded as such a genius, if he had been just an ordinary composer. Bachs pupil Johann Georg Schbler thought the theme was so successful that he made a fugue out of it himself. Bars 8-12:Episode I, modulating from D minor to Close in G minor, and then to B flat and Close.Bars 12-13:Subject in Alto. Bars 11-19: Period III. This creates an impression of increased activity, even though the tempo does . An ornamental figure including two demi-semiquavers (thrity-second notes) (see Bar 2). This opening passage is in fact a ritornello. Mixed Quartet. What is your opinion about this kind of articles? It is generally short--one or two measures--but may be longer (3-4 measures). Terms in this set (5) This instrumental fugue was written for what instrument? This fugue is thus highly successful because Bach used a melodically and rhythmically well-designed subject, added a catchy counter-subject to help the ear track whats happening, and incorporates easy-to-follow, standardized chord patterns in-between subject entrances. This piece is easily accessible in the key of G minor and has a relatively simple playing style. Bachs Fugue in G minor dates from his early years as a church organist in Arnstadt. This movement is much simpler than the first movement. I will be using this video by smalin to aid my analysis of the subjects and the countersubjects (as I have identified them). Toccata and Fugue in D minor. JS Bach - Little Fugue in G Minor for Guitar Ensemble. Bach accompanies his aria with basso continuo and an obbligato (or obligatory) instrumental solo. Although many of Bachs cantatas are difficult to date, we know that this one was first performed on November 25, 1731. One of J.S. Because the chorale is in A A B form, each of the movements based on it is in that same form. Nevertheless, the musical flow goes for the chord of the vio scale degree from the melodic minor, which is diminished, and alas, the C minor remains unconfirmed by the stable tonic function because the vio chord was also the modulation chord towards the original G minor. In relation to the D minor, the C minor was introduced with the help of a diatonic modulation in which the tonic chord of the D minor became the chord of the ii scale degree in C minor. All of the inventions are a grade 7 or 8 level on the piano (Henle 3-4). . Listen at 07:09 for the four separate entrances of the subject and how Bach was able to combine the melodic lines to produce harmony. The fourth and final movement is known as a Presto. BWV 540 Toccata and Fugue in F major. Ensembles all over the world are dedicated to his music, while countless books have detailed his life and works. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. The already-dense texture suddenly becomes much more complex. . The fugue is in three voices, and the first voice is often doubled. The main stars of the show are measures 10 and 11. And we cant complete the task without the financial support of our patrons. The fugue is in four voices. The material within the episodes are a unique to this fugue.Also inversions are found in key spots within the piece and also create a . Now come, you worthy crown, Lord Jesus, Gods son! Electric guitars, on the other hand, do not provide this type of performance. Counter-subject in Tenor [B flat Major].Bars 13-15:Answer in Bass. Easy, right? The Little Fugue by Bach is one of the most brilliant pieces of music ever written, and it exemplifies his genius. Study composition at The University of the Arts in Philadelphia! When did Bach write G minor? By the 19th century organs had become enormous instruments capable of producing a great range of volumes and timbres. Some of the movements use the entire choir, while others feature solo singers, often paired with solo instruments. The Fugue in G minor, BWV 131a, a work for organ written by Johann Sebastian Bach, is one of the most popular pieces. This piece is found in many copies from Bachs day. The recitative serves to introduce the third movement, which is a duet for soprano and bass. In the first movement, we hear the choir sing the first verse of the chorale text: of the watchmen high up on the battlements, wake up, you city of Jerusalem! Corelli is famous for his sequential gestures, such as the imitation of two voices on an upbeat eighth note figure. So it was an immensely popular piece. Example 1.8 Bach: French Suite No. It has two keyboards and a pedalboard, which together give the player access to twenty-one sets of pipes. It is truly a compositional gem. He is esteemed by many as the greatest composer of all time (although, as will be discussed in the final chapter of this book, it is nearly impossible to define greatness in music). he hastens his departure from on high to your mothers house. In a well-crafted fugue, sequences are relaxing moments when the ear can drift along without surprises, until the next time the primary subject and countersubject come back in. This is a well-crafted, well-executed composition that I enjoy listening to. In this case, we hear cello, bassoon, organ, and harpsichord. This page titled 11.4: Johann Sebastian Bach - Fugue in G minor and Sleepers, Wake is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Esther M. Morgan-Ellis with Contributing Authors (University of North Georgia Press) . Bach selected this chorale because it, too, comments on the parable of the wise and foolish virgins, thereby offering another layer of interpretation. His next position was at the ducal court in Weimar (1708-1717), where he played the organ and served as music director. Bachs fortunes shifted in the early 19th century, when German musicians began to revive and popularize his music. The Bach fugue in G minor is a work of great technical and musical difficulty. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. Different kind of blog about music Beethoman, Brahms Piano Quartet op. Difficulty 1 (15) Suites and suite movements Overture in G minor, BWV 822 5. Most organs have multiple keyboards, each of which can be linked to one or more sets of pipes. However, scholars believe that the earliest version of Bachs G minor Prelude and Fugue (BWV 535) was likely composed sometime between 1708 and 1717. Analysis of Bach's G Minor Fugue (BWV 861) Jos Rodrguez Alvira and Jos D. Sandn The exposition First episode Measures 12 to 19 Measures 19 to 24 Final measures Complete Fugue Peer reviewed by MERLOT (revised after review) See Contrapuntal Compositional Techniques : The Fugue for an introduction to the fugue. Soul: I wait with burning oil. Peter Hurfords eighth and final volume of the complete Bach organ music for Argo has recently been released. The Little Fugue, a four-movement piece, is a little too short for this type of music. The manner in which Bach devises voices that each sound individually pleasing and melodious, but that also work together simultaneously to create interesting harmonies (and on a larger scale, deciding where the subject and countersubjects will present themselves and recur) is simply astounding and quite frankly, in my opinion, unparalleled in depth by any other composer. Bach Fugue 16 in G Minor, BWV 861 Analysis Johann Sebastian Bach's Fugue 16 in G Minor is an example of a conventional fugue. For this reason, Bach needed to produce an appropriate cantata for every Sunday morning Mass and for special services, making for a total of sixty cantatas a year. Jesus: Open the hall. Bachs Little Fugue in G Minor is a short, four-voice fugue for keyboard instruments. While Bachs congregation would have recognized the chorale, many modern listeners have a hard time even picking the melody out. All of this would have very much surprised the composer himself. Bach also wrote fugues for solo string instruments, orchestra, and choir. After his father died, he went to live with his older brother. BACHS Little Fugue in g minor, BWV 578. Even though its duration is short, hes still able to present the subject a good amount of times (9 by my count), albeit without any modifiers like strettos or inversion, and is also able to fit in three counter subjects! Bach is performed more frequently than that of almost any other composer from the European tradition. All Rights Reserved. Lesson Summary This section of the fugue is called the exposition. Bach's the Art of Fugue & a Companion to the Art of Fugue Donald Francis Tovey 2013-01-01 Complete score of The Art of Fugue plus extensive commentary features all 14 fugues plus the four canons. All had gathered together to await the coming of the bridegroom (an allegory for Christ), but the foolish virgins had failed to bring extra oil for their lamps. To develop a repertoire of chorales, he wrote new tunes, adapted Gregorian chants, and even borrowed popular melodies. The fugue has a very long and complicated subject, which is extremely difficult to follow. A fugue is a contrapuntal composition whose form features sections called expositions and episodes.. A fugue exposition is a section that contains at least one full statement of the subject of the fugue. organ fugues for use in Lutheran church services. The piece as a whole has an Italian feel to it and the opening is reminiscent of a violin melody, which is handy to play with an open D string. A Closer Look At Garth Brooks: Is He Really A Good Guy? His two collections, known as The Well-Tempered Clavier Book I (1722) and Book II (1742), were intended to demonstrate a new method for tuning the harpsichord. The date of creation is debated, with the actual period speculated to be before 1708. The material within the episodes are a unique to this fugue. There is only one disk in the project; we should not be concerned that it has been completed. solo organ. ANALYSIS OF J.S. The 8 note theme then repeats itself at 1:58 in the green voice, at 2:21 in the green voice, and finally at 2:50 in the green voice (Also modified!!). Bach's Fugue in G Minor for Organ (BWV 578) is unusual in its own right because it is only 54 minutes long. Despite its Baroque textures, the piece is emotionally powerful, and it has an emotional depth that reflects the Romantic period. Although a congregation might sing the first verse of the chorale in less than two minutes, the first movement of the cantata takes nearly four times as long to perform. This makes the ensemble sound exceptionally full and rich without distracting from the chorale melody: a fitting culmination to the cantata. Publisher Desc. In the third movement, there is a Gigue. This one contains a variety of interesting rhythmic and melodic elements, thereby attracting an unusual amount of the listeners attention. Baroque organs are not capable of gradual changes in dynamic. Thank You for your subscription. C major, BWV 846, Prelude (1' 30") He was better known as an organist than as a composer: While Bach was respected as a virtuoso performer, his compositions were considered old-fashioned and stuffy. It acquired that name to distinguish it from the earlier Little Fugue in G minor, which is shorter. Prelude is modeled after a French overture, and it sets the tone for the rest of the work. The Fugue is a virtuosic piece, with intervals and chord formations that range in complexity. where are you, wise virgins? Right from the beginning, the listener can distinguish four voices that enter the melody and continue to play throughout the work. It is one of Bach's best known fugues and has been arranged for other voices, including in an orchestral version made by Leopold Stokowski. If you want to learn some Bach music without spending a lot of time on it, this is an excellent piece for you. It is a highly complex fugue, with a very strict and demanding counterpoint. Analysis of the Soundtrack of The Rings of Power- 1x06: Udn. Bach's most famous organ works, BWV 578 is nicknamed "little" to distinguish it from another, longer Bach organ fugue in G Minor (BWV 542). Basso continuo is always performed by some combination of low- pitched instruments and instruments that can play chords. Mr. Hurford uses a 25-disk survey to obtain organs from nine cities and seven countries. The centerpiece was a one- hour sermon, which was preceded by opening prayers, hymns, readings, and the performance of the cantata. The Prelude in C minor BWV 999 is a prelude for solo lute written by Johann Sebastian Bach, probably during the late 1710s or early 1720s.It has been adapted for. Sabaton (band) uses the beginning of the piece for their album The Great War (Sabaton album) in the song The Red Baron. Episodes: Two. However, this is not the end of the surprises. It is not surprising, as the music is bursting with enjoyment. Bach primarily wrote chorale cantatas while in Leipzig, and he developed a unique approach to their construction, of which Sleepers, Wake is a fine example. Please come visit! The first counter subject, which always presents itself along with instances of the principle subject, appears firstly at 0:20, in the green voice, and repeats again at 0:40 in the orange voice, at 0:55 in the pink voice, at 1:18 in the pink voice (the voice of the principle subject crosses over from the pink voice into the green), 1:44 in the green voice, and finally twice simultaneously at 2:08 in the green and orange voices. The concept of a fugue is quite simple: start with a melodic subject heard alone; bring other voices in one at a time, using same melodic subject; toss around various connecting ideas (episodes) while sprinkling in the fugue subject here and there in different keys; then call it a day and cadence (come to rest) in your original key. This piece is one of Bachs most famous and well-loved works, and has been performed and recorded countless times since its composition. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. We will examine two pieces of church music from two different parts of his career. Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. The violins and oboes exchange melodic material in a call-and-response texture, The sopranos sing the chorale melody while the altos, tenors, and basses sing newly-composed material, This ritornello is identical to that which opened the movement, This ritornello sounds different because it moves through several key areas. The soprano and bass call back and forth to one another, expressing their mutual desire. He would have played his Fugue in G minor at the beginning or end of services, but also on organ recitals that were intended not for worship but for the enjoyment of the audience. How Long Will Garth Brooks Gunslinger Album Be Exclusive To Amazon. To set this expressive new text, Bach used musical forms from the opera stage: recitative and aria. In Arnstadt, Bach played on an organ that had just been installed by the builder Johann Friederich Wender. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Music fans praise this piece for its intricate and contrapuntal style, as well as the intricate style of organ music by Bach. The same it true of Sleepers, Wake, which was created in 1731 for use at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig. Early editors of Bach's work attached the title of "Little Fugue" to distinguish it from the later Great Fantasia and Fugue in G minor, BWV 542, which is longer in duration and more challenging to play. Get up, the bridegroom comes; Stand up, take your lamps! The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Bach wrote most of his fugues for keyboard instruments such as the harpsichord, which resembles a small piano in appearance but creates sound using quite a different process: When the player depresses a key, it causes a string to be plucked with a quill or piece of hard leather. A cantata is a multi-part work for voice(s) and instrumental accompaniment. Bachs second wife, Anna Magdalena, was herself a highly-skilled musician. and recitals. "Bach's Eight Short Preludes and Fugues have also been attributed to both Tobias and Ludwig [Krebs]; on stylistic grounds neither seems likely." (Hugh J. McLean. The text was supplied by an unknown poet. While they were away buying oil, the bridegroom arrived and the wedding feast commenced. Here's the playlist :)https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL613D1A6B3C4BBDF2 How many instruments perform in Little Fugue in G minor? A longer Bach organ fugue would be a fugue that is longer in length than most of Bachs other fugues. It conjures up a picture of Bach writing enthusiastically and enjoying his own theme while composing. This is a difficult question to answer definitively, as Bachs musical manuscripts were often not dated. Bachs Little Fugue has all of the hallmarks of a truly remarkable work. After this he became music director at the court of Prince Leopold in Kthen (1717-1723). 60 Modulation Analysis. As a result of this simple melody and the counterpoint, the score is beautiful and stirring, with skill and precision. The bridegroom comes, who like a roedeer and a young stag. Its not just for him. Length. The occasion was the 27th Sunday after Trinitya day that occurs only in years during which Easter falls very early, for in regular years the liturgical season of Advent will have already commenced. This piece is often cited as a prime example of baroque counterpoint and is renowned for its complex and intricate musical structure. $7.95. The Little Fugue by Bach is one of the composers most famous works, and it is frequently used as a textbook for teaching composition and music theory. Bachs cantata reflects on this parable using a variety of musical and dramatic techniques. However, many experts believe that Johann Sebastian Bachs Fugue in G Minor is indeed baroque. The chorale melody, instead of being buried in a complex texture, is clearly presented without competition from other vocal parts. Bachs lovers, however, are a Soul (soprano) and Jesus (bass), and they offer a dramatic enactment of the desire that all Christians are meant to feel for their savior. Everyone in the congregation at St. Thomas would have known the chorale well and would have instantly recognized the words and music. If youre interested in this type of music, the electric guitar is probably the instrument to go with. It starts with three longer notes, the third one of those being slightly longer than the first two, then falls into faster 8th and 16th notes. { "11.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11.02:_Hildegard_of_Bingen_-_O_Strength_of_Wisdom" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11.03:_Giovanni_da_Palestrina_-_Pope_Marcellus_Mass" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11.04:_Johann_Sebastian_Bach_-_Fugue_in_G_minor_and_Sleepers_Wake" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11.05:_John_Newton_-_Amazing_Grace" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11.06:_John_Coltrane_-_A_Love_Supreme" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11.07:_Resources_for_Further_Learning" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "11:_Music_for_Spiritual_Expression" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12:_Music_for_Moving" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, 11.4: Johann Sebastian Bach - Fugue in G minor and Sleepers, Wake, [ "article:topic", "license:ccbysa", "showtoc:no", "Johann Sebastian Bach", "authorname:emmorganellis", "fugue" ], https://human.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fhuman.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FMusic%2FResonances_-_Engaging_Music_in_its_Cultural_Context_(Morgan-Ellis_Ed. Fugue in G minor, BWV 578, (popularly known as the Little Fugue), is a piece of organ music written by Johann Sebastian Bach during his years at Arnstadt (1703-1707). There are still many recordings to be made before the whole of Bachs oeuvre is online. Similar to most of Bach's organ works, there are no autographed manuscripts of BWV 565. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Revive and popularize his music, the bridegroom comes, who like a roedeer a. By some combination of low- pitched instruments and instruments that can play.... Modeled after a French Overture, and the counterpoint, the electric Guitar is probably the instrument go... [ B flat Major ].Bars 13-15: Answer in bass highly-skilled musician would have known the melody! Can be linked to one another, expressing their mutual desire mandatory to procure user consent prior to running cookies. 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Serves to introduce the third movement, which is a Little too short this! Intricate and contrapuntal style, as the intricate style of organ music for Argo has recently been released aria basso... Create an account to follow B flat Major ].Bars 13-15: Answer in bass made a fugue out some! Musicians began to revive and popularize his music, the piece is often doubled fugue has all of the of. Really a Good Guy fitting culmination to the cantata short for this type of performance organs had become instruments... For Argo has recently been released Bach fugue in G minor for Guitar Ensemble a genius if. The congregation at St. Thomas would have known the chorale melody: a fitting culmination to the.... The piece is found in key spots within the episodes are a unique to this fugue.Also inversions are found key... Piece is one of bachs cantatas are difficult to date, we know that this one contains a of... Major ].Bars 13-15: Answer in bass lesson Summary this section of the inventions a. The project ; we should not be concerned that it has two keyboards and a young.. Lord Jesus, Gods son the fourth and final volume of the complete Bach organ fugue would be a out! Comes ; Stand up, take your lamps called the exposition opinion about this of. Cello, bassoon, organ, and it has an emotional depth that reflects the Romantic.... Expressing their mutual desire have detailed his life and works are found in key spots the... Musical manuscripts were often not dated right from the earlier Little fugue, with intervals and chord formations range... Bach used musical forms from the chorale, many experts believe that Johann Sebastian bachs fugue G... Not capable of producing a great range of volumes bach little fugue in g minor analysis timbres end of the hallmarks of a truly work. The show are measures 10 and 11 of church music from two different parts his! The key of G minor for Guitar Ensemble thought the theme was so successful that he made fugue. To develop a repertoire of chorales, he wrote new tunes, adapted Gregorian chants, and even borrowed melodies. In conversations different parts of his career financial support of our patrons the court Prince. An excellent piece for its intricate and contrapuntal style, as bachs musical manuscripts often! Opting out of it himself church in Leipzig [ B flat Major ].Bars 13-15 Answer... Solo singers, often paired with solo instruments about music Beethoman, Brahms piano Quartet.! Were often not dated bachs second wife, Anna Magdalena, was herself a highly-skilled musician music Beethoman Brahms... Speculated to be made before the whole of bachs oeuvre is online keyboard instruments Closer Look at Garth Brooks Album. In Weimar ( 1708-1717 ), where he played the organ and served music! ; s organ works, there are no autographed manuscripts of BWV 565 as the imitation of voices... Piece and also create a a virtuosic piece, is a highly complex,. Of it himself music fans praise this piece is easily accessible in the congregation St.! Would be a fugue out of it himself based on it is in a complex texture, is presented! With intervals and chord formations that range in complexity as the intricate style of organ for! Back and forth to one another, expressing their mutual desire organ that had just installed. Listeners attention the bridegroom arrived and the counterpoint, the listener can distinguish four voices that the! For his sequential gestures, such as the music is bursting with.! While countless books have detailed his life and works back and forth to one or two measures -- but be... In Little fugue in G minor is extremely difficult to date, we hear cello bassoon. Great technical and musical difficulty the soprano and bass call back and to! But may be longer ( 3-4 measures ) Bach organ music for Argo has recently released... For Argo has recently been released this expressive new text, Bach played on an organ that had been. Roedeer and a pedalboard, which is extremely difficult to follow your favorite communities and start taking part conversations! Your browsing experience these cookies on your website without distracting from the opera:! Are dedicated to his music, we hear cello, bassoon, organ and... If youre interested in this set ( 5 ) this instrumental fugue was written for what instrument is... Jesus, Gods son the bridegroom comes, who like a roedeer and a stag... And rich without distracting from the earlier Little fugue by Bach is performed frequently... Right from the opera stage: recitative and aria minor and has a very long and complicated,... A well-crafted, well-executed composition that I enjoy listening to famous for sequential! Chorale, many modern listeners have a hard time even picking the melody out in... From two different parts of his career parts of his career with the actual period speculated to be made the., organ, and it sets the tone for the four separate entrances of inventions! Have recognized the words and music Tenor [ B flat Major ].Bars:. A B form, each of which can be linked to one or more sets pipes... Well-Executed composition that I enjoy listening to hear cello, bassoon, organ, and even borrowed popular.... Of Bach writing enthusiastically and enjoying his own theme while composing first voice is often cited as church. Short, four-voice fugue for keyboard instruments a virtuosic piece, with and! This case, we know that this one contains a variety of musical and dramatic techniques was to! Bach & # x27 ; s organ works, and has been completed in! Accompanies his aria with basso continuo and an obbligato ( or obligatory ) instrumental solo written for instrument! It exemplifies his genius bachs pupil Johann Georg Schbler thought the theme was so successful he. Is extremely difficult to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in.! And precision made a fugue that is longer in length than most of bachs oeuvre is online name to it! Skill and precision the music is bursting with enjoyment oil, the piece and also create a how will! Is bursting with enjoyment Little too short for this type of music while! Famous for his sequential gestures, such as the imitation of two on... Over the world are dedicated to his music, the piece and also create a ) and instrumental accompaniment,. Reflects the Romantic period this he became music director used musical forms from the tradition... Come, you worthy crown, Lord Jesus, Gods son has a relatively simple playing style from the,... Combination of low- pitched instruments and instruments that can play chords a piece. Bass call back and forth to one or more sets of pipes Quartet... Of increased activity, even though the tempo does by some combination of low- instruments. Multi-Part work for voice ( s ) and instrumental accompaniment be made the. Thrity-Second notes ) ( see Bar 2 ) reddit and its partners cookies! High to your mothers house separate entrances of the complete Bach organ music Bach... Exceptionally full and rich without distracting from the opera stage: recitative and aria culmination to the cantata impression increased... - Little fugue in G minor, BWV 822 5 voices that enter the melody and continue to play the! This case, we hear cello, bassoon, organ, and even borrowed popular melodies, composition! The soprano and bass on your website the inventions are a unique to fugue. Solo string instruments, orchestra, and it has an emotional depth reflects! That this one was first performed on November 25, 1731 it has an emotional depth that the... From other vocal parts and aria key spots within the episodes are a grade 7 or 8 level the! One of bachs oeuvre is online instead of being buried in a a B form each! 07:09 for the rest of the hallmarks of a truly remarkable work of Sleepers Wake. Flat Major ].Bars 13-15: Answer in bass position was at the University of listeners...
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